Internship← Embedded Systems learning pathEmbedded Systems · Module 6 of 10
Sensors, actuators and ADC
Interface with the physical world.
📖 Key ideas
- Sensors convert physical quantities to electrical signals.
- ADC resolution (e.g. 10-bit = 0–1023) sets precision.
- Actuators: motors, relays, servos, buzzers, displays.
- Motor drivers (L298N, DRV8833) handle current.
- Use level shifting between 5V and 3.3V devices.
💡 Real-life example: Sensors are the device's senses; actuators are its muscles.
ADC resolutionNumber of digital steps
Motor driverCircuit supplying motor current
Level shifterConverts voltage levels
TransducerConverts one energy form to another