Internship← Computer Science Fundamentals learning pathComputer Science Fundamentals · Module 2 of 10
Binary and data representation
Computers store everything as bits: 0s and 1s.
📖 Key ideas
- A bit is 0 or 1; 8 bits make a byte.
- Binary 1011 is 8 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 11 in decimal.
- Hexadecimal uses 0-9 and A-F; FF = 255.
- Text is stored with codes like ASCII and Unicode (UTF-8).
- Images are grids of pixels; each pixel stores colour values like RGB.
💡 Real-life example: Like a row of light switches: each switch is on or off, and together they spell out numbers, letters and pictures.
BitA single 0 or 1
ByteGroup of 8 bits
HexadecimalBase-16 number system
UTF-8Common Unicode text encoding