How computers work

A computer takes input, processes it with a CPU and memory, and produces output.

📖 Key ideas

The CPU runs instructions in a fetch-decode-execute cycle.
RAM holds running programs and data; storage (SSD/HDD) keeps files when power is off.
Input and output devices connect people to the machine.
The operating system manages hardware and runs programs.
Clock speed (GHz) and cores affect how much work a CPU does.

💡 Real-life example: Like a kitchen: the cook (CPU) follows recipe steps, the counter (RAM) holds what is being cooked, and the store room (SSD) keeps everything else.

CPUProcessor that runs instructions

RAMFast temporary working memory

SSDPermanent storage for files

Fetch-decode-executeThe CPU instruction cycle